Quantitative and Qualitative Screening of Organochlorine Pesticide Residues in Some Available Fruits Sold in Kaura Namoda Zamfara State
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.70112/ajsat-2025.14.2.4293Keywords:
Organochlorine, Residues, Fruit, Vegetables, GC-MS, Kaura NamodaAbstract
Fruits and vegetables are generally considered essential dietary components because they provide vitamins, minerals, and fiber. Fruits are often threatened by pests during planting; therefore, farmers resort to the indiscriminate use of organochlorine pesticides. This research aims to determine the organochlorine pesticide residues in selected fruit samples (banana, guava, pineapple, lettuce, spinach, cucumber, and cabbage) obtained from Kaura Namoda, Zamfara State. QuEChERS and GC-MS were used for extraction and analysis, respectively. Twelve organochlorine standards were used, and the results show that only Endosulfan I, with an average concentration of 0.0023 mg/kg, was detected in all the samples, while alpha lindane was found in pineapple and watermelon with an average concentration of 0.0045 mg/kg. Heptachlor, aldrin, and DDE were not detected in the fruit samples. All the pesticide residues detected in the fruit samples were below the recommended maximum residue limit (MRL) of the WHO, except for Endosulfan I, which was higher than the WHO-recommended MRL. In conclusion, there is a need for continued monitoring of pesticide residues to provide consumers with information on the level of contamination in fruits and vegetables.
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